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Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 60(1): 40-46, Jan-Feb/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-710315

ABSTRACT

Objective To identify compliance with the procedures for securing the airway of patients submitted to anesthesia, defined as highly recommended in the World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist. Methods A prospective, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted with 87 patients aged 18 to 60 years, classified as ASA grade 1 or 2 according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists’ Physical Status Classification. The study variables consisted of: whether the Mallampati test had been performed, whether equipment was readily available for orotracheal intubation, whether the correct placement of the endotracheal tube was verified, whether patient ventilation was monitored and whether fasting was confirmed. Prevalence ratios and their respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated as measures of relative risk. Statistical significance was defined at 5%. Results It was found that in 87.4% of patients, the airway was not evaluated using the Mallampati classification and in 51.7% of cases, preoperative fasting was not confirmed. In 29.9% of cases, the ready availability of equipment for orotracheal intubation was not verified. In all of the cases in which the availability of this equipment was not checked, the patient was submitted to regional anesthesia, with a statistically significant difference compared to the cases in which the patient was submitted to general anesthesia. Conclusion Measures considered essential for the safety of the patient during surgery are still being ignored. .


Objetivo Identificar a realização de procedimentos altamente recomendados para assegurar a via aérea de pacientes submetidos a anestesia, previstos no manual de segurança anestésica da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Métodos Realizou-se um estudo prospectivo do tipo transversal observacional, envolvendo 87 pacientes com idade entre 18 e 60 anos, ASA 1 e 2 de acordo com a classificação do Estado Físico pela Sociedade Americana de Anestesiologia. Variáveis estudadas: realização do teste de Mallampati, disponibilidade de material para intubação orotraqueal, confirmação do posicionamento do tubo endotraqueal, monitoração da ventilação do paciente e confirmação do jejum. Calculou-se a Razão de Prevalência (RP) e o seu Intervalo de Confiança a 95% (IC 95%) como medida do risco relativo. Adotou-se o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados Em 87,4% dos pacientes a via aérea não foi avaliada pelo teste de Mallampati e 51,7% não tiveram seus jejuns pré-operatórios confirmados, e em 29,1% das anestesias não se verificou a disponibilidade de material para intubação orotraqueal. Todos os casos em que não ocorreu esta verificação o paciente foi submetido à anestesia regional, com diferença significativa entre os grupos (p = 0.00). 95,8% dos pacientes tiveram a intubação orotraqueal confirmada pela capnografia e 68% tiveram esta confirmação realizada pela ausculta. Conclusão Medidas consideradas essenciais para a segurança do paciente durante a cirurgia ainda são negligenciadas. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anesthesia, Conduction , Anesthesiology , Airway Management/methods , Intraoperative Complications/rehabilitation , Intubation, Intratracheal/methods , Attitude of Health Personnel , Checklist , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fasting , Intubation, Intratracheal/instrumentation , Prospective Studies , Patient Safety/standards , Tertiary Care Centers
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